kilauea, the world’s most
active volcanic mass, located on the southeastern part of the island of Hawaii,
Hawaii state, U.S. The central feature of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park,
Kilauea (“Much Spreading” in Hawaiian), is an elongated dome built of lava eruptions
from a central crater and from lines of craters extending along east and
southwest rifts, or fissures. The volcano’s 4,090-foot (1,250-metre) summit has
collapsed to form a caldera, a broad shallow depression nearly 3 miles (5 km)
long and 2 miles (3.2 km) wide with an area of more than 4 square miles (10
square km). Kilauea’s slopes merge with those of the nearby volcano Mauna Loa on
the west and north.|
Kilauea is bordered by Mauna Loa volcano (west and north), the Ka‘ū Desert (southwest), ‘Āinahou Ranch (south), and a tropical fern jungle (north-northeast). The littoral Ka‘ū Desert consists of barren lava, crusted volcanic ash, and moving dunes of windblown ash and pumice 10 to 30 feet (3 to 9 meters) high. The Thurston Lava Tube, a 450-foot (135-metre) tunnel east of the caldera, was formed when a lava stream’s outer crust hardened while the molten lava continued its flow.
Kilauea is bordered by Mauna Loa volcano (west and north), the Ka‘ū Desert (southwest), ‘Āinahou Ranch (south), and a tropical fern jungle (north-northeast). The littoral Ka‘ū Desert consists of barren lava, crusted volcanic ash, and moving dunes of windblown ash and pumice 10 to 30 feet (3 to 9 meters) high. The Thurston Lava Tube, a 450-foot (135-metre) tunnel east of the caldera, was formed when a lava stream’s outer crust hardened while the molten lava continued its flow.
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